*Challenging Words in the Article -The Hindu👇*
30,31 March
1)Innocuous (noun) (अहानिकर) : ino-q-us
Meaning – not harmful or offensive
Synonyms- : harmless, safe, non-dangerous, non-poisonous, non-toxic
Antonyms- harmful, obnoxious
Example -Although Sarah meant her joke to beinnocuous, the people around her took it to heart.
2)Nefarious (adjective)(कुटिल) : ney-fer-e-us
Meaning – very evil and wicked
Synonyms- abominable, atrocious, base, criminal, depraved
Antonyms- honest, honorable, praiseworthy, upright, virtuous
Example - One man employed his nefariousscheme to hack into people's computers and steal bank account information.
3)Despicable (adjective) (नीच, घृणित, घिनौना) : des-pik-bal
Meaning – worthy of intense dislike
Synonyms- contemptible, loathsome, hateful, detestable, reprehensible
Antonyms- admirable, noble
Example - After Rachel exhibited despicablebehavior at her sister’s wedding, she was banned from future events.
4)Fracas (noun) (कोलाहल) : fra-cas
Meaning – a noisy disagreement or commotions
Synonyms- disturbance, quarrel, scuffle, brawl, affray, tussle
Antonyms- agreement, calm, harmony
Example - The husband and wife were fined by the judge for starting a fracas in court.
5)Premeditated (adjective) (पूर्वचिन्तित, सोचा-समझा) : pre-medi-ta-ted
Meaning – think out or plan (an action, especially a crime) beforehand.
Synonyms- preplanned, intentional, intended, deliberate
Antonyms- accidental, unintentional, spontaneous
Example - The killer admitted his premeditatedplan to kill the president had taken over a year to develop.
6)Murky (adjective) (संदिग्ध) : mur-ki
Meaning – obscure or morally questionable/ dark and gloomy, especially due to thick mist.
Synonyms- questionable, suspicious, suspect, dubious, dark, mysterious, secret
Antonyms- clear, pure, sinless, innocent
Example - People avoid talking about depression because it is such a murky subject.
7)Infamy (noun) (बदनामी) : in-fami
Meaning –the state of being well known for some bad quality or deed.
Synonyms- notoriety, disrepute, disreputableness, ill repute, ill fame
Antonyms- honour, anonymity, virtue
Example - While one sister is recognized as being nice and polite, the other sister lives in infamy for her selfish and cruel ways.
8)Accomplice (noun) (सहभागी) : des-pik-able
Meaning – a person who helps another commit a crime
Synonyms- abetter, accessory, a partner in crime, associate, confederate, collaborator
Antonyms- antagonist,enemy,opponent
Example - Because the accomplice was willing to testify against his criminal cohorts, he received immunity from prosecution.
*Idioms/Phrases/Phrasal Verbs in the Article -*
9)Spur of the moment (phrase) (तत्काल) :
Meaning – on impulse; without planning in advance.
Synonyms- impulsively, impetuously, without planning, unpremeditatedly, impromptu, spontaneously
Antonyms- prepared, rehearsed
Example - You should not generally do things on the spur of the moment.
10)Slap on the wrist (phrase) (हल्का दण्ड, चेतावनी) :
Meaning – a mild reprimand or punishment.
Synonyms- reprimand, rebuke, reproof, scolding, admonition
Antonyms- severe punishment
Example - The few perpetrators prosecuted only got a slap on the wrist.
Challengeing Words In The Article The Hindu THE HINDU
1)Corollary (noun) (परिणाम) : co-ro-lary
Meaning – a natural consequence, or a result that naturally follows
Synonyms- : consequence, result, outcome.
Antonyms - cause, source, root, origin
Example - As a corollary of splitting the company into two separate parts that provided different services, many former customers canceled their subscriptions.
2)Eschew (verb) (त्याग करना) : es-chu
Meaning – to avoid something which you do not think is right or proper
Synonyms-: abstain from, give up, forgo, forswear, shun,relinquish, renounce.
Antonyms- indulge in
Example - Even though I love coffee, I have chosen to eschew the beverage because of the damage it does to my teeth.
3)Subversion (noun) (गिरावट, नाश) : sub-var-zun
Meaning – the undermining of the power and authority of an established system or institution.
Synonyms- : sabotage, disruption, overthrow
Antonyms- support, strengthen
Example -If protests lead to constitutionally questionable successions, it becomes asubversion of democracy.
4)Exacerbate (verb) (ख़राब करना) :ex-aca-bate
Meaning – to increase the severity or worsen/make (a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling) worse.
Synonyms-: aggravate, make worse, worsen, inflame
Antonyms- calm, reduce
Example - More than likely, the stress at work willexacerbate your illness and make you moody.
5)Hawk (noun) (एक व्यक्ति जो एक आक्रामक या युद्धविद् नीति की वकालत करता है) : hawk
Meaning – a person who advocates an aggressive or warlike policy, especially in foreign affairs/a bird of prey related to the buzzards
Synonyms -: warmonger, militarist
Example -Severe limits were put on the peace plan by party hawks.
6)Covert (adjective) (गुप्त) : co-vart
Meaning – hidden or secret/not openly acknowledged or displayed.
Synonyms- : secret, furtive, clandestine, surreptitious, stealthy
Antonyms- overt, undisguised, unconcealed
Example - The spy went to great lengths to make sure his enemies would not discover his covertplans.
7)Purge (noun) (मुक्त होना , शुद्ध होना ) : per-j
Meaning – to get rid of something or someone
Synonyms- : removal, expulsion, rejection, exclusion, eviction
Antonyms - rehabilitate, holding , keeping
Example - Although this cleansing diet will purgetoxins from my system temporarily, my nutritionist warned me that they’ll come right back if I return to my former bad eating habits.
8)Collude (noun) (सांठ-गांठ करना, कपट-संधि करना) : ko-lude
Meaning – to conspire for a secret purpose
Synonyms- : collaborate, conspire, connive, intrigue, plot
Antonyms- neglect, ignore, forget
Example - The government’s willingness tocollude with our foreign enemies shocked the ethics committee advisers.
9)Defector (noun) (दलबदलू) : de-fect-ar
Meaning – a person who has abandoned their country or cause in favour of an opposing one.
Synonyms- : deserter, turncoat, traitor, rebel, renegade
Antonyms- adherent, loyalist, follower, supporter
Example - Some officials said there is no choice but to accept the defectors, while others insisted they should be treated like ordinary refugees.
10)Deem(noun) (समझना) : deem
Meaning – to view in a particular manner
Synonyms-: regard as, consider, judge, adjudge.
Antonyms - distrust, doubt, mistrust, question, suspect
Example - Because I am still running a very high temperature, the doctor does not deem me fit to leave the hospital.
30,31 March
1)Innocuous (noun) (अहानिकर) : ino-q-us
Meaning – not harmful or offensive
Synonyms- : harmless, safe, non-dangerous, non-poisonous, non-toxic
Antonyms- harmful, obnoxious
Example -Although Sarah meant her joke to beinnocuous, the people around her took it to heart.
2)Nefarious (adjective)(कुटिल) : ney-fer-e-us
Meaning – very evil and wicked
Synonyms- abominable, atrocious, base, criminal, depraved
Antonyms- honest, honorable, praiseworthy, upright, virtuous
Example - One man employed his nefariousscheme to hack into people's computers and steal bank account information.
3)Despicable (adjective) (नीच, घृणित, घिनौना) : des-pik-bal
Meaning – worthy of intense dislike
Synonyms- contemptible, loathsome, hateful, detestable, reprehensible
Antonyms- admirable, noble
Example - After Rachel exhibited despicablebehavior at her sister’s wedding, she was banned from future events.
4)Fracas (noun) (कोलाहल) : fra-cas
Meaning – a noisy disagreement or commotions
Synonyms- disturbance, quarrel, scuffle, brawl, affray, tussle
Antonyms- agreement, calm, harmony
Example - The husband and wife were fined by the judge for starting a fracas in court.
5)Premeditated (adjective) (पूर्वचिन्तित, सोचा-समझा) : pre-medi-ta-ted
Meaning – think out or plan (an action, especially a crime) beforehand.
Synonyms- preplanned, intentional, intended, deliberate
Antonyms- accidental, unintentional, spontaneous
Example - The killer admitted his premeditatedplan to kill the president had taken over a year to develop.
6)Murky (adjective) (संदिग्ध) : mur-ki
Meaning – obscure or morally questionable/ dark and gloomy, especially due to thick mist.
Synonyms- questionable, suspicious, suspect, dubious, dark, mysterious, secret
Antonyms- clear, pure, sinless, innocent
Example - People avoid talking about depression because it is such a murky subject.
7)Infamy (noun) (बदनामी) : in-fami
Meaning –the state of being well known for some bad quality or deed.
Synonyms- notoriety, disrepute, disreputableness, ill repute, ill fame
Antonyms- honour, anonymity, virtue
Example - While one sister is recognized as being nice and polite, the other sister lives in infamy for her selfish and cruel ways.
8)Accomplice (noun) (सहभागी) : des-pik-able
Meaning – a person who helps another commit a crime
Synonyms- abetter, accessory, a partner in crime, associate, confederate, collaborator
Antonyms- antagonist,enemy,opponent
Example - Because the accomplice was willing to testify against his criminal cohorts, he received immunity from prosecution.
*Idioms/Phrases/Phrasal Verbs in the Article -*
9)Spur of the moment (phrase) (तत्काल) :
Meaning – on impulse; without planning in advance.
Synonyms- impulsively, impetuously, without planning, unpremeditatedly, impromptu, spontaneously
Antonyms- prepared, rehearsed
Example - You should not generally do things on the spur of the moment.
10)Slap on the wrist (phrase) (हल्का दण्ड, चेतावनी) :
Meaning – a mild reprimand or punishment.
Synonyms- reprimand, rebuke, reproof, scolding, admonition
Antonyms- severe punishment
Example - The few perpetrators prosecuted only got a slap on the wrist.
Challengeing Words In The Article The Hindu THE HINDU
1)Corollary (noun) (परिणाम) : co-ro-lary
Meaning – a natural consequence, or a result that naturally follows
Synonyms- : consequence, result, outcome.
Antonyms - cause, source, root, origin
Example - As a corollary of splitting the company into two separate parts that provided different services, many former customers canceled their subscriptions.
2)Eschew (verb) (त्याग करना) : es-chu
Meaning – to avoid something which you do not think is right or proper
Synonyms-: abstain from, give up, forgo, forswear, shun,relinquish, renounce.
Antonyms- indulge in
Example - Even though I love coffee, I have chosen to eschew the beverage because of the damage it does to my teeth.
3)Subversion (noun) (गिरावट, नाश) : sub-var-zun
Meaning – the undermining of the power and authority of an established system or institution.
Synonyms- : sabotage, disruption, overthrow
Antonyms- support, strengthen
Example -If protests lead to constitutionally questionable successions, it becomes asubversion of democracy.
4)Exacerbate (verb) (ख़राब करना) :ex-aca-bate
Meaning – to increase the severity or worsen/make (a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling) worse.
Synonyms-: aggravate, make worse, worsen, inflame
Antonyms- calm, reduce
Example - More than likely, the stress at work willexacerbate your illness and make you moody.
5)Hawk (noun) (एक व्यक्ति जो एक आक्रामक या युद्धविद् नीति की वकालत करता है) : hawk
Meaning – a person who advocates an aggressive or warlike policy, especially in foreign affairs/a bird of prey related to the buzzards
Synonyms -: warmonger, militarist
Example -Severe limits were put on the peace plan by party hawks.
6)Covert (adjective) (गुप्त) : co-vart
Meaning – hidden or secret/not openly acknowledged or displayed.
Synonyms- : secret, furtive, clandestine, surreptitious, stealthy
Antonyms- overt, undisguised, unconcealed
Example - The spy went to great lengths to make sure his enemies would not discover his covertplans.
7)Purge (noun) (मुक्त होना , शुद्ध होना ) : per-j
Meaning – to get rid of something or someone
Synonyms- : removal, expulsion, rejection, exclusion, eviction
Antonyms - rehabilitate, holding , keeping
Example - Although this cleansing diet will purgetoxins from my system temporarily, my nutritionist warned me that they’ll come right back if I return to my former bad eating habits.
8)Collude (noun) (सांठ-गांठ करना, कपट-संधि करना) : ko-lude
Meaning – to conspire for a secret purpose
Synonyms- : collaborate, conspire, connive, intrigue, plot
Antonyms- neglect, ignore, forget
Example - The government’s willingness tocollude with our foreign enemies shocked the ethics committee advisers.
9)Defector (noun) (दलबदलू) : de-fect-ar
Meaning – a person who has abandoned their country or cause in favour of an opposing one.
Synonyms- : deserter, turncoat, traitor, rebel, renegade
Antonyms- adherent, loyalist, follower, supporter
Example - Some officials said there is no choice but to accept the defectors, while others insisted they should be treated like ordinary refugees.
10)Deem(noun) (समझना) : deem
Meaning – to view in a particular manner
Synonyms-: regard as, consider, judge, adjudge.
Antonyms - distrust, doubt, mistrust, question, suspect
Example - Because I am still running a very high temperature, the doctor does not deem me fit to leave the hospital.
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